Correlation of Glycated Hemoglobin With Postoperative Surgical Complications

Abstract

Objective

To find out the association of glycated hemoglobin level and postoperative complications in general surgical procedures.

Study design

Observational cross-sectional study.

Place & Duration of study

Surgical Unit II, Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences Quetta, from January 2019 to December 2019.

Methodology

This study was conducted on 163 diabetic patients. Purposive sampling was done for including study subjects. The study variables were designed to observe primary and secondary outcomes. Patients were followed for 8 weeks. The mortality was recorded within 30 days of the procedure. The results were analyzed on SPSS software version 20. •Chi-Square test used to determine the significance. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

Total 1756 patients were admitted for elective and emergency surgical procedures. Out of these 194 (11.04%) patients found diabetic and 163 fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the observation. The mean age of patients was 46.65 + 12.81 year.  Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Majority of the patients had HbA1c >8.5%. Sixty-nine (42.3%) patients underwent emergency surgery and elective surgery done in 94 (57.7%) cases. Fifty-four (33.1%) patients developed superficial surgical site infection (SSSI), and 20 (12.3%) developed deep surgical site infection (DSSI). Respiratory complications were observed in 21 (12.9%), renal in 18 (11%), cardiac in 11 (6.7%) and multiorgan failure in 9.2% patients. Overall mortality was 2.5%.

Conclusion

HbA1c is a useful modifiable independent risk factor for general surgical procedures and especially if found raised before elective surgery can be addressed to reduce the chances of complications.

Key words

HbA1c, Diabetes Mellitus, Surgical outcomes, Predictive value.